Elizabeth earnley place

The nave is apparently 13th-century, the chancel 14th, the porch is modern. The east window of the chancel is of two lights with trefoil heads surmounted by a quatrefoil; on each side of the chancel is a one-light window with ogee trefoil head and segmental rear-arch; in the south wall is a piscina with ogee trefoil head, and in the north a rectangular wall-locker; these are all of the 14th century.

The roof is modern, ceiled under the rafters and collars with boarding. In place of a chancel arch is a modern arch-shaped wooden truss. The nave has a modern buttress at each west corner; there are two lancet windows in the south wall and one in the north, all modern. The north doorway has plain jambs and pointed arch, perhaps 13th-century; under the sill of the window opposite are the jambs of a former south door, narrower than the north; this suggests that the principal entrance was always on the north.

The west window is of two pointed uncusped lights with a pierced triangle between them, under a semicircular head, probably modern. A small vestry is screened off at the west end. The roof, except at the west under the bell-cote, appears to be ancient, having three trusses, each of two principals and a collar; to the middle truss a modern tie-beam has been added; there are two purlins on each side and ogee windbraces under the upper; the underside of the rafters is ceiled in plaster.

The communion table has plain turned legs; the altar rails have turned balusters; both are perhaps 17th-century. The font is a plain octagon on an octagonal base, of uncertain date. There is one bell, dated Edmund Cartwright, who completed the History of West Sussex left unfinished by Dallaway, was Rector of Earnley from until his death in , holding that meagre benefice with other preferments. The poet, however, often omitted the alliteration; and the scribe, who attempted by marks of punctuation to show which half-lines belonged together, seems in consequence to have sometimes lost his way.

He was Levenath's son. Gracious to him be the Lord. He dwelt at Ernly, at a noble church upon Severn's bank. Well there to him it seemed, fast by Radestone. There he read books. Geographical: Parochial versus manorial extent[ edit ] The parish of Earnley lies on the southern coast of England in the county of Sussex, 4 miles 6. It formed part of the hundred of La Manwode or Manwood, now found under the form Manhood , which in turn took its name from a locality in the parish of Earnley.

The parish and hundred lie in the original pre-Conquest Saxon division of Sussex known as the Rape of Chichester. The boundaries of the manor of Earnley and the parish of the same name are not strictly coterminous, as the manor itself was not contained within the parish borders, but included part of the neighbouring parish of West Wittering.

Also, the parish of Earnley was enlarged in , absorbing the former parish of Almodington , now a hamlet of Earnley parish. The resulting parish, held by a rector, is formally referred to as Earnley with Almodington. During the Civil War and Interregnum , the parish of Earnley was united with East Wittering for the purposes of officially countenanced Presbyterian worship and oversight during the official suppression of Anglicanism. At the Restoration , which saw not just the return of the monarchy , but also of the Anglican Settlement , the parishes reverted to their separate status as in pre-Commonwealth times.

Historical[ edit ] Historians trace the origins of this Sussex landed family to the latter part of the twelfth century. About , Bertha de Lancinges confirmed an earlier charter for lands amounting to a quarter of a knight's fee less one virgate at Earnley, Sussex granted about a generation earlier, that is, circa , by her father William de Lancinges and his wife Maud to his uncle, Lucas de Ernle. This name simply means Luke of Earnley.

This man, whom historians call Luke de Ernle, is the first known member of the family, and is the probable progenitor of all subsequent Ernles, though it is not known whether he was actually the first person to be known by this designation. Since he is denominated as de Ernle in this document, it is quite likely that he or his family was already known and distinguished from others by the use of that sobriquet or surname.

Since the grant of lands was given to him by a family member, it appears logical to assume that his own connexion to the place, like theirs, dated to an earlier period. As for the de Lancinges family itself, to whom Luke de Ernle was kin: they were supporters of the Arundel earls of Sussex who were descended from Roger de Montgomerie, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury , a major feudal baron who was granted large tracts of Sussex known as the Rape of Arundel in or from his kinsman, William I of England.

Ethnic[ edit ] It is not now known whether Luke de Ernle was of Norman , Saxon , or other, origin, these events having occurred a century after the Norman conquest of England in The designation de Ernle occurs very early in the history of the adoption of hereditary surnames in England , a phenomenon which began along the south-eastern coast of England among the feudal manorial lords of the greater and lesser nobility whose members were mostly drawn from the descendants of the Norman invaders and their allies.

Heraldic[ edit ] The ancient coat of arms or heraldic shield of the Ernle family was not used pursuant to specific rights described in an extant grant of arms from one of the royal officers of arms, but appears to have been borne by the head of the family through prescriptive right having been adopted in time immemorial. The contents of the shield reflect a knowledge of the name's original meaning, resort of eagles, that is, a place where eagles congregate.

As such, the coat could be said to fall into the category of canting arms. The blazon is Argent, on a bend sable, three eagles displayed or which means that on a heater shield coloured silver appears a wide sash-like strip of black running diagonally from the top left toward the bottom right of the escutcheon on which is placed a row of three golden eagles with their wings open and bodies showing.

According to Burke's General Armory and Burke's General Armory Two , this basic coat of arms, sometimes varying in one detail or another, accompanied by various crests or none, was used over the centuries by the branches of the family, who, by the similarity of their descriptions, claim descent from a shared origin in the same Sussex locality, Earnley , from which they derive their surname.

These armigerous branches of the family, whose current fate is not always known, with their various differences or departures from the original paternal coat, taken as denoting cadency, were in alphabetical order: From Burke's General Armory, , p. Earnley co. Argent, on a bend cotised sable, two another, three eagles displayed with two necks or. Argent, a bend sable cotised between three eagles displayed gules. Argent, on a bend sable, three eagles displayed or.

From Burke's General Armory, , p. Erneley place unspecified. Argent, on a bend sable, three eagles displayed of the field. Ernelle co. Argent, on a bend cotised sable, three eagles displayed or. Crest: A chevalier on horseback wielding a scimitar, all proper. Ernelle place unspecified. Argent, a bend sable. Ernle Ernle [i. Earnley ], co. Sussex, and Whetham , co. Crest -- An eagle displayed vert.. Another crest -- A man's head sidefaced, couped at the shoulders proper, on the head a long cap, barry of six or and sable, at the end two strings and tasselled gold.

The elder of these brothers was John Ernle, Esq. He was the progenitor of the Wiltshire line, and thus the 17th-century chancellor's direct ancestor, while the younger of them, known to history chiefly as Sir John Ernley, was the Lord Chief Justice. This latter personage was, moreover, not as the post-nominal letters K.

Ernle Etchilhampton, co. Henry VII. Devon modern, Tytherleigh. Henry VIII , m. Visitation of Somerset, Same Arms. From General Armory Two, , p. Insert Cos. And Sussex. Cotton MS. Tiberius D. Add: V. Ernell place unspecified. Argent, on a bend sable, 3 eagles displayed with 2 heads or.

Sheriff of Wilts Add: Ernley New Sarum co. Same arms. Sir John Ernley. Chief Justice of Common Pleas. While coats of arms are often accompanied by mottoes, heraldists[ who? Status[ edit ] As an armorial family whose original status derives from ancient landed property, the Ernle family belonged to the class known as the gentry.

As gentlemen with a coat-of-arms , or armigers , the heads of the family were hereditary esquires, and the younger sons and their cadets all gentlemen, and their daughters all gentlewomen. The family were thus all of gentle birth, and were classed as members of what has been termed the minor or lesser nobility, corresponding to what the Germans term, Uradel , which the French call noblesse de race , or ancient nobility.

Though they never achieved the ranks of the greater nobility which, in England, was confined to members of the peerage , at least one branch of the family did accede to the ranks of hereditary knighthood, created by King James I of England , and known as the baronetage. In the 20th century, a female-line descendant, Rowland Prothero , was granted an hereditary peerage as Lord Ernle , though that title only existed from to , due to the early death, in action, during World War I, of his only son, who would have been heir to the peerage, had he outlived the hostilities.

As can be seen in the case of the cadet lines of its male descendants, junior members of the family sometimes ceased to live as gentry. So, even if living in reduced circumstances, and performing manual labour, such English gentlefolk did not suffer from any deprivation, withdrawal, or removal of their hereditary gentle status. It is possible, however, that some sank so far from their gentle origins and the former lifestyles of their ancestors that all memory of their family's former rank, privileges, precedence, and armigerous status was lost.

On the other hand, while no one could deny their abiding gentle status, they might be subject to popular derision if they asserted it without the means of living up to it by the 'port i. By the time this decline began to be observed among the junior-most cadet branches of the family, both the senior male line of the family and their surviving next principal male cadet branch in Wiltshire see Ernle of Brembridge had died out in the late 18th century — in fact, within a year of one another.

It is not known if anyone is now entitled to claim a male-line descent from this ancient noble family, and thereby lay claim to use the undifferenced coat-of-arms borne by the head of the Ernle family since time immemorial.

The undifferenced arms are, however, quartered in the armorial bearings of the extant Plunkett-Ernle-Erle-Drax family. Ernle of Earnley, Sussex, and the Manor of Earnley[ edit ] This family derived from Luke de Ernle who was confirmed in his de Lancinges nephew's earlier grant to him of almost a quarter of a knight's fee by his de Lancinges great-niece in about Historians' attempts to trace this family over later centuries have met with only partial success, though the continuity of the descent of the manor of Earnley among people bearing that early surname is thought to indicate that successive manorial lords all belonged to the same family.

The evidence recited in the published account of the manor of Earnley cites a later lord of the manor living around whose name was also Luke de Ernle in this instance, the documentary spelling is de Ernele, and that account favours this spelling of the name.

Next, John de Ernle son of Luke held the manor in A man who may be this John, or his younger son, John, received a grant of free warren at Earnley in In , mention is made of John and Richard de Ernele, and of Joan daughter of John de Ernele in connexion with the recovery of the nearby manor of Almodington by Robert de Almodington. The next two citations from the s probably pertain to one or other of the two men called John de Ernele mentioned in According to the Sussex Archaeological Collections , p.

A fine dated names John de Ernele of La Manwode. The place referred to here can be either the name of the hundred in which the parish of Earnley was situate, or an actual locality within the parish of Earnley which happens to have given its name to the hundred, probably because it was the usual meeting-place for the whole hundred when it gathered to conduct business.

Thereafter, almost a century elapses before there is a mention of John Ernle conveying the manor of Earnley to John Michelgrove and his wife, Joan, in In , and , however, William Ernele held the manor. A generation later, in , there is record of the manor being settled on John Lunsford and Margaret his wife, who was the widow of John Ernele. The descent hereafter is paralleled by the account of the family cited in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography to be found under the heading, Sir John Ernley , Chief Justice.

At this juncture, in her proof of coming of age, Elizabeth Michelgrove, wife of John Shelley both direct ancestors of the poet, Shelley , it is stated that she was baptised at Earnley parish church on 28 March in the 39th year of the reign of King Henry VI of England , that is, in , and that her godfather was John Ernle, and her godmother, Joan Ernle see Inq. VI, no. Elizabeth was the sole child and heir of her father John Michelgrove alias Fauconer, Esq.

It would appear from her pedigree that the connexion was probably through the parties mentioned in the manorial transfer, and that there may have been a blood tie between the Michelgrove alias Fauconer family and that of Ernle, in addition to the one of spiritual kinship deriving from the Michelgrove heiress's baptism. John Ernele, Ernle, or Ernley, Solicitor General, then Attorney General of England and, finally, Chief Justice, is mentioned in as passing the manor to others of his kinsmen, John Clerkson, the elder, and John Inglere, who were great-grandsons of his own forebear, an earlier John Ernele.

This is a curious reference as this particular John Ernley was born in or , and so was not of age to make a conveyance. This elder brother John would normally have been the heir to their father, John Ernle, Esq. Thereafter, whoever the John Ernle of the conveyance may have been, the manor passed to people of other names who may or may not be connected by blood or marriage to the Ernle family of Earnley.

In , the manor was once again conveyed to Richard Ernle Erneley in the documentation in this case , indicating that it may, for a time, have been held in trust for the right Ernle heir, and then returned at an appropriate date.

At any rate, the connexion between the descent of the manor of Earnley, and the family of the name Ernle, ended finally when a later Richard Erneley sold it to Richard Taylor in Thereafter, the family of Ernle, as distinct from the manor of the same name, became attached to the episcopal manor of Cackham in West Wittering , a place close to their original home at Earnley in West Sussex.

Despite their proximity to their ancestral lands, the Sussex branch of the Ernle family's close ties with the manor and parish from which they derived their surname, seem, however, to have been severed finally in the first third of the 17th century, after the space of nearly years of continuous manorial tenure.

Chichester] to be provost Marshall for the Rape of Cr. That they may be brought to the next Justice of Peace if Cause require or otherwise to be committed to the constable to be justified accordinge to the Lawe, And that you do continue this course iij [i.

This reference to Mr Earnely of Chichester in , appears to have been one of the last times a male Ernle was alive and active in the county. By the time of the heraldic Visitation of Sussex, the remaining Sussex Ernle heritage was represented by Bridget, da. Reference to the records of the Archbishop of Canterbury's testamentary jurisdiction provides the final evidences of the extinction of the Sussex line: "Abstracts of Probate Acts in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, volume 1, ", p. West Wittering , Sussex, Esq.

Will [66 Audley] pr. June 16 by rel. Sentences and complete index nominum, ", p. Thus we see why the Sussex Visitation showed Bridget Stanney as the representative of the Ernle family in Sussex, for her brother had died sometime before the final disposition of his worldly estate by will and sentence of 16 June

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